What is the purpose of including allusions to Nietzsche and Kerouac in Krakauer's narrative?

• A. To show that their ideas guided his moral code
• B. To illustrate that they inspired him personally
• C. To critique their philosophy
• D. To provide comic relief

Answer: (B)

The main idea being tested is how an author uses allusions to reveal his personal sources of inspiration and situate his journey within a tradition of independent, adventurous thinkers.

In Krakauer’s narrative, references to Nietzsche and Kerouac show that he is personally drawn to their spirit of inquiry, rebellion, and quest for meaning beyond conventional norms. These allusions illuminate why he is drawn to Chris McCandless’s pursuit of freedom and self-reliance: Krakauer himself is moved by the same lure of exploration and existential questioning that these writers embody. It’s about understanding his motivation and emotional resonance, not about prescribing a moral creed or endorsing their philosophies.

That’s why the answer is that they inspired him personally. It’s less about using their ideas as a moral guide, less about critiquing their philosophy, and certainly not about comic relief. The references function as a window into Krakauer’s own worldview and the literary lineage that frames his investigation.